Documents Related To The Qalandariyya School In The National Archive Of Uzbekistan

Abstract

Sufism Centers Of The World Are Studying The Qalandariyya Tariqa (School) And Its History. Even Though Scientists Have Unanimity In The Development Of The Qalandariyya Tariqa, There Are Problems Associated With Its Regional Features. The Interpretation Of The Qalandariyya, Which Appeared In The Xi Century, Lost Its Classic And Original Essence Over Time And Changed From An Ideological Point Of View. Concerning Ego, There Were Many Hyperboles. As A Result, Negative Attitudes Towards Them And Critical Attitudes Arose. The Study Of The Qalandariyya Based On Mystical, Literary And Historical Sources, Relying On The Principles Of Truthfulness, Is Of Great Importance Today.

The Main Reason For The Spread Of The Qalandariyya In Central Asia Is The Rule Of The Hanafi School. It Turns Out That Stability And Patriotism Served As The Primary Basis For Representatives Of This School.

In Central Asia, Along With Yassavia, Cubrawia, Naqshbandiyya, The Qalandariyya Also Served As An Integral Part Of The Social Life Of Society. There Were Many Representatives Of The School In The Region. The Article Examines The Environment And The Reasons How The Qalandariyya Tariqa Arose In Central Asia As A Category And The Reason For Its Emergence. This Category Initially Functioned As A Community That Is Not Sectarian And Soon Spread To Many Countries, Including Iran, Turkey And India. As A Result, By The Second Half Of The 12th Century, It Received An Outbreak In Iran As A Sect.

The Qalandariyya Representatives Soon Became Popular In Central Asia. According To The Article, Many Representatives Of The School Worked In Samarkand And Tashkent. Khoja Safo Vali (1660-1740) Headed The Qalandariyya Tariqa In Samarkand. After That, Tashkent Was A Center For The Representatives Of This School Until The Second Half Of The 20th Century. The Profit And Activities Of The Schools Were Controlled And Managed By Tashkent. In Addition, In The Process Of Preparing The Article, It Became Known That The Qalandariyya School Did Not Differ From Yassavia, Cubrawia And Naqshbandiyya, But Even Promoted Their Views In Support Of It.

According To Numerous Local Sources, It Was Noted That Khoja Safo Vali Headed The Central Asian Qalandariyya. This Information Is Also Contained In The Documents Of The National Archive Of Uzbekistan. It Is Also Mentioned About His Four Children. According To Abu Tohirkhuja Samarkandi, The Tariqa Of Safo Vali Is Traced To Prophet Muhammad Through Khazrati Ali. He Was From Samarkand, And A Mosque Founded By Him Is Currently Working As A Mosque. And His Descendants Are Representatives Of The Medicine And Educational Sphere Of Our Society.

In Central Asia, There Were Two Types Of Qalandars – Married And Single. For The Couples, A Particular Part Is Allocated In The Qalandariyya Schools. This Part Was Referred To As The Inner Courtyard In Which The Qalandars Passed The Degree Of Solik (A Member Of Sufism But Without A Degree). In Addition, This Place Was The Educational Center Of The Qalandars. Here, Young Qalandars And New Soliks Studied. They Learned The Order And The Verses Of The Qur'an. It Was The Method Of Preparation For The Upcoming Qalandars.

In Central Asia, Especially In Uzbekistan, The 19th And 20th Centuries Of The Activity Of The Qalandariyya Was On The Rise. It Is Also Important That Those Who Were Not Related To The Order And Were Under The Russian Empire's Oppression Also Joined Qalandars. As A Result, A Team Of People Who Were Unemployed And Had Nothing To Do With The Order Came Into Being. The Article Analyzes The Activities Of The Qalandars Who Worked In The Xix-Xx Centuries, Relying On The Sources In The National Archive Of Uzbekistan. The Number And Location Of The Schools In Central Asia Were Determined. Based On Evolutionism, It Was Found That The Activities Of The Qalandars Had Slowed Down Throughout Central Asia.