Unravelling the Challenges and Coping Mechanisms of Malaysian Fathers with Autistic Children

Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder or ASD is a lifelong developmental disorder typified by impairment of social interaction, communication deficits, and repetitive behaviour. The number of children diagnosed with ASD is currently increasing globally, including in Malaysia. As the main caregiver for these children, parents face challenges due to their children's demanding situation. The rising prevalence of ASD go together with the continuous endeavours to understand and support parents in meeting challenges related to their child’s ASD. While fathers nowadays are generally more involved in raising children, many research focus on parenting ASD children remain to be inclined toward mothers’ experiences. This paper aims to provide an understanding on the challenges encountered by fathers with their special children.  A purposive and snowball sampling of three fathers of children (aged 7 to 14 years old) with ASD participated in an in-depth face-to-face semi-structured interview. Data were transcribed and analysed using the thematic analysis method. The fathers narrated that the challenges they have encountered include: Understanding the child-specific behaviours; accepting the diagnosis; encountering phase-based temporal challenges; finding strength and patience; handling endless physical, emotional and financial sacrifices; and reflecting on religion matters. This study has identified parental challenges associated with autistic children that can serve as the foundation of the children’s well-being and positive development as the experience of parents impacts parents themselves too. Additionally, findings have also highlighted the coping strategies utilised by the fathers to ensure they stay rational, stable, sensible.