Enhancing Smart Grid Resilience in India: A Unified Framework for Secure Data Transmission and Low-Latency Routing

Abstract

The transition to smart grids in India necessitates communication frameworks that simultaneously address security vulnerabilities and transmission inefficiencies. Current systems often fail to balance these requirements, particularly in diverse infrastructure environments. This paper presents a novel unified framework integrating three key components: (1) a Secure Data Layer employing AES-256 encryption for robust cybersecurity, (2) an Efficient Transmission Layer utilizing Huffman coding for 35% bandwidth optimization, and (3) an Adaptive Routing Module implementing Dijkstra's algorithm for low-latency path selection. Implemented and tested through Python simulations on a 100-node network, the framework demonstrates exceptional performance with a 98.6% packet delivery rate and 3.5ms encryption latency. Field validation in Uttar Pradesh's power distribution network revealed 28% fewer packet collisions and improved resistance to cyber threats including man-in-the-middle and replay attacks. The solution specifically addresses India's unique challenges such as rural-urban infrastructure disparities, spectrum limitations, and power theft vulnerabilities. By combining military-grade encryption with efficient data compression and intelligent routing, this framework offers a scalable model for enhancing grid resilience while maintaining real-time operational requirements. The results suggest significant potential for nationwide deployment, supporting India's smart grid modernization goals without compromising security or performance.