The Dual Mediating Effects of Self-Esteem and Self-Efficacy in the Effects of the Growth Mindset and Body Image among Elderly Korean People

Abstract

Background/Objectives: The purpose of this study was to verify the path through which growth mindset in old age can positively affect body image through self-esteem and self-efficacy.

Methods/Statistical analysis: The subjects of this study consisted of men and women aged 65 or older living in the selected community, surveys were conducted from July to August 2019 among 363 Korean elderly. Frequency, t-tests, oneway ANOVA, and correlation analysis was performed using SPSS21.0, and model 6 of the SPSS PROCESS macro.

Findings: First, the body image of elderly individuals was found to be more positive when the elderly were married, the educational level was higher than that of a college graduate, and their economic conditions were better. Second, the elderly's growth mindset had a positive effect on the construction of body image. Specifically, the stronger the growth mindset, the more positively they perceived their body image. However, when the factors of self-esteem and self-efficacy were also added, the effect of the growth mindset on the body image was not statistically significant.

Improvements/Applications: In order to positively improve the body image, efforts to improve self-esteem and self-efficacy rather than a growth mindset are necessary.