Effect of Nano-Selenium and Vitamin E on Growth Performance and Blood Constituents of Broiler Chickens

Abstract

This study was carried out to determine the effect of nano-selenium (SeNPS) and vitamin E (Vit. E) on the growth performance of broiler. A total number of 108 Arbor Acres broiler chicks at one week of age, having the nearest weight (about153g) were used and distributed into 4 groups of 27 chicks each. Each group was divided into 3 replicates of 9 chicks each. Experimental treatment diets were T1(Control), T2(Control without selenium+SeNPS 0.1mg/Kg), T3(Control+Vit.E100mg/Kg), T4(Control without selenium + SeNPS 0.1mg/Kg+Vit.E100mg/Kg). The supplementation of SeNPS (T2), Vit.E(T3) and a combination of them(T4) were improved body weight and body weight gain compared to the control group. At the end of the experimental period, T2 (SeNPS) and T4(SeNPS +Vit.E) recorded the lowest (P≤0.05) feed intake compared to T1 and T3. Regarding feed conversion ratio (FCR), all treatments recorded the better FCR compared to the control group at all periods studied. At the overall period, the better FCR (P≤0.05) was obtained by T2 and T4 compared to the control group. The viability of all birds during the experimental period was high where the mortality was normal-and less than the control-and absent in T4. Plasma calcium had significantly increased in all treatments compared to control. Also, phosphorous was numerical increase in all treatments compared to control group. The highest value of plasma calcium and phosphorous obtained by T2. There were significant differences between treatments in plasma total protein and the highest value obtained by T3. Albumin had significantly increased in T4 compared to all other treatments. All treatments were recorded lowest values of plasma cholesterol compared to control group. Chicks fed SeNPs+Vit.E(T4) and Vit.E(T3) were significantly (p<0.05) lower in plasma cholesterol compared to T1. While, T3 and T4 had significantly higher plasma triglycerides compared to T2 and control. Total antioxidant capacity had significant differences in all treatments and the best treatment (P≤0.05) was T4 compared to all treatments followed by T2. This result may be due to the ant oxidative effect of ether SeNPS or Vit.E which can improve the growth performance, immunity, and health in broiler chickens. It can be concluded that supplementation of SeNPS 0.1mg/Kg+Vit.E100mg/Kg or SeNPS 0.1mg/Kg of broiler chicks from 7 to 35 days of age improve the performance and blood constituents. More studies should be done in this new area of research in future.