The Strategic Role of Stakeholders in Healthcare Management of HIV/AIDS in Africa – Insights From Savior of Mankind

Abstract

HIV/AIDS has affected millions of people’s lives including their children and mothers all around the world, but mostly in Africa and particularly Sub-Saharan Africa. This case study extensively examines the role of stakeholders’ collaboration (including healthcare professionals, medical doctors, nurses, etc.), community volunteers, social enterprises and NGOs, health departments and governments, pharmaceutical companies, multilateral healthcare, and multilateral donor agencies particularly, UNAIDS, WHO, UNICEF, UNITAID, UNPF, UNPF, Clinton Foundation, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Medicines Patent Pool, etc.), innovations in related treatments (by a corporate entrepreneurial firm, CIPLA India as a major stakeholder), and intellectual property rights issues.

This case study avails the techniques of meta-inquiry of literature to unearth pertinent issues, challenges, and developments. Eight interviews from physicians (till saturation point) were taken who worked with WHO and served in Africa for HIV/AIDS control program. Their responses were transcribed, interpreted, and coded. Pertinent categories and themes were identified, analyzed, and matched with those found in literature. Utmost care was taken to avoid subjective reflexivity or researcher bias in forming any personal opinions. (The teaching notes of this case study are available separately with the authors). The findings are devised to aid in developing innovative and cost-effective healthcare solutions to HIV/AIDS patients and designing effective participation strategy of pertinent stakeholders. CIPLA Pharmaceutical India played a leading role in developing innovative and cost-effective solutions of HIV/AIDS drugs, which faced criticism on patents’ violation, but was highly appreciated by other global stakeholders.